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PC Builder's Guide Search: Processors PDAs - Laptops Video Cards Get Prices: Motherboard Recommended component ATX board with: 1 AGP, Find out what chipset you will be getting with your motherboard and shop around.
Motherboard battery Fan connectors Jumpers Fitting the board To fit your into a case, BIOS Your motherboard will come with a BIOS that's used to configure devices on your system, The motherboard may be the most important part you are buying, The screws are necessary so that the doesn't slide right out of the case, Nowadays, Some boards ship with 4 channels. and that's a bonus if you can find it. but they can be annoying as you have to work with small parts, and should range up to the 2800+ performance range, Micro-ATX Most motherboards today are in the ATX factor. Motherboard connectors Case connector Motherboard anchor holes Words on Recommendations For building a system maximum upgradability, Older Pentium 4s and P4 Celerons feature a 400MHz system bus, this 't necessary, and are mainly not used, It's typically not worth buying a motherboard that it as your top speed chip will be a 1, and you will find these ports in some dual processor "workstation" motherboards. going right, Geek, but these are basically useless slots for the home builder, RIMMs, certainly up to , check out the FormFactors, whether the hard drive is running, The PCI architecture does support a 64-bit bus running at 66MHz. Most new hard drives today are to work with it.

'll find many jumperless boards out there, Typically. 1 ports (supported) Get Pricing Motherboards The Motherboard The motherboard is the only computer component besides the case that limits your expansion capabilities. Other fun things you'll encounter on the motherboard include the fan power connectors, while older (and some current) chipsets only support UltraATA/100, you have PS/2 ports on the left for keyboard and mouse, running effectively at 533MHz. PCI slots ISA cards and slots are still around if you look for them, However, Even if you get a board with built-in video, CNR (Communications Network Riser) is a slot designed for plugging a specific CNR into for a motherboard, but depends on Via and other 3rd party chipset manufacturers like SiS or ALi to pick up the slack. and various jumpers, which is still a decent performer, will grab some cycles while working, They will run, 5 volts, Following the USB.

old AT motherboards had a "built-in" 5-din plug keyboard connector as part of the motherboard and have risers that must be assembled for serial and parallel ports, For best value. if you want to put together a high-powered graphics workstation and run Windows 2000 / XP, you must add a pair of memory modules, You'll only have to into the BIOS if you're having some weird problems, BIOS Expansion Slots The other slots in the motherboard that you need to be concerned with are the expansion slots, com - All rights reserved. then a couple of USB ports. and new ones have up to three or more connectors, You can have anywhere from 2 to 12 slots for memory DIMMs or RIMMs. DIMMs. Most of the limitations of a chipset are obvious if you look at the number and type of memory slots, You can use PCI instead, Linux or FreeBSD, 1 or 2, ) For some history.
There's no need for ISA anymore. Here's a list of the widely available sockets for inserting processors, The plastic snap in out of the motherboard, AGP and PCI slots PCI's standard implementation on x86 is a 32-bit bus running at 33MHz, To the far right you have a MIDI / game port above and audio connections below. Anchoring the includes the use of two types of plastic parts and metal screws that fit into metal screw holders, Socket 478 - This socket should scale for a while. 3 PCI slots 2 DDR DIMM slots - Athlon XP or P4 Ultra ATA/100 4 USB 1, your motherboard supports it, The good news is that configuring your BIOS has gotten , it runs at 133MHz and passes 4 bits of data per connection per clock tick, It works nicely with Pentium 4 chips and Pentium 4 Celeron chips, or at least a board from a major name supplier whose manual you can download from their , but AGP is much more prevalent, RDRAM performs a bit better than DDR at some tasks, go for one that has been available for a few months and has gone through a couple revisions already to make it more stable and eliminate any problems, connections Your ports On the particular ATX connection block displayed above, x/95/98/ME don't take advantage of dual processors. try to keep the total cost of a processor and motherboard below US$300. and what power saving mode you are in, RIMMs added some more complexity, Processor Upgradability The first thing you need to figure out when selecting a motherboard is what type of processor want to stick into it. motherboards will ship with 2 IDE channels, Feature connectors All PC computer cases come a group of LED's and a single speaker, but Via, There's nothing wrong with jumpers, Almost all today come with an AGP slot as well. Windows 3, making it undesirable.
as opposed to the 3. The ATX form factor has displaced the older and bulkier "AT" form factor, Also. These LED's are used to tell whether your system is powered on, but not by a amount. Ideally. Most systems today use a combination of PCI and ISA slots to get the job done. Via and SiS pretty stable, 168-pin DIMM slots old SIMM slots For a more in-depth discussion of SIMMs, you typically line up a bunch of anchor on the motherboard to a bunch of holes in the case. ATX, Also.
so make you get a "retail" version with a full manual (printed or on CD), Memory Slots The memory slots on the motherboard can limit expandability. Bus Speeds The Pentium 4 has the top bus speed throughput, which runs at 133 and passes 2 bits of data per tick, and various ports, while the PIII Celeron has a measly 100MHz system bus and can work with PC133 SDRAM as well, but P4 motherboards use dual-RDRAM channels. The Athlon XP comes with a 266MHz double-pumped bus, but they just ignore the second processor, although some have ditched ISA and added AMR or CNR. and slide and lock into the case. but are otherwise similar in size, Some boards have blocks of jumpers that determine settings, Chipset refers to the logic chips that control the interaction between the processor and memory, AMD, You plug these connectors onto pins on your motherboard, anytime you want to add . 
RIMMs and DIMMs are 64-bit devices.
or maybe just slow down performance, Don't go to a computer show and get some no-name OEM board. and they can be addressed singly by a chipset with 64-bit memory path, but are quickly disappearing, and the number of PCI and ISA slots (if any) built into the motherboard, Pentium 4 chips require pairing of RIMMs in P4 motherboards if you are getting a board that supports RDRAM. AGP is a slot designed specifically for a graphics board, Stick with PCI add-in boards. It may be a good idea to go for a motherboard that can handle 533MHz bus speeds even if you are going for a 400MHz bus speed chip, you may want to consider it. 
have a parallel port on the top and two serial ports on the bottom. 
you should get the most up to date drivers from your motherboard manufacturer, as they have a 16-bit memory path. 
Org. the ATX connections on the back are much nicer and all connected for you. 
10/100 Ethernet Minimum recommended ATX with: 1 AGP. 
micro-ATX motherboard old AT motherboard (yuck. You will just be in pain if it doesn't work right, Not so obvious may be support for a number of USB 1, com's 20 Latest MAIN: Break, or performance isn't what you were expecting.
Do some research on the motherboard you decide on, 0 slots and Ultra ATA/100 or ATA/133. Some older motherboards have no fan power connectors, but your choice might affect your upgrade path and the longevity of your computer, get one with an AGP slot just in case you want to upgrade someday, Pentium 4 motherboards have an extra power connector, Typical Chipset Chipset heatsink To get proper performance (and stability) for your motherboard, Check out Motherboards, IDE Ports RAID The newest support UltraATA/133, These batteries make sure that there's a constant supply of power going to the computer clock and the BIOS. Check your motherboard manual if it's not obvious. The AMR and / or CNR slots are unnecessary for home building, 0 ports (supported) integrated: AC '97 audio. Athlon XPs. There's a lot of chipsets out there nowadays. Stick with PCI add-in boards, some motherboards offer IDE RAID versions that allow you to use RAID functions on the IDE disk drives that you plug into your motherboard, we recommend a Socket A (for Athlon XP or Duron) or Socket 478 (for Pentium 4 or P4 Celeron) motherboard. 4 GHz PIII Celeron, You usually get into the BIOS configuration utility by hitting certain keys at bootup--usually "del" or "F1" but look for instructions when you boot (aka: turn your power on), This card gives sound and / or modem functionality. each capable of handling 2 IDE devices. Thus, and a good deal higher, but will also grab some CPU cycles while working, This card gives network and / or modem functionality, It also works with Via C3 chips, That way, As for the jumpers. This is useful to users that want to use RAID 1 to mirror their hard drives for data protection or RAID 0 to stripe them for speed. ISA slots AMR (Audio Modem Riser) is a slot designed plugging a specific AMR card into for a motherboard. Chipset The chipset on your motherboard plays a big part in determining what your options are, Form : P4-ATX. Check out our chipset tables in the ChipGeek area of our site if want more info on chipsets. If you interrupt the power.